Gauge
Gauge is how many stitches and rows (or rounds) fit into a given measurement. Patterns give it like "20 sts × 28 rows = 4 in (10 cm)". If your gauge doesn't match, your finished object won't be the size the pattern promises.
How many stitches per inch?
It depends on the yarn weight. Over 4 in (10 cm) of stockinette, the Craft Yarn Council standard ranges are:
| Weight | Symbol | Stitches per 4 in | ≈ per inch |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lace | 0 | 33–40 | 8–10 |
| Super fine (fingering, sock) | 1 | 27–32 | 7–8 |
| Fine (sport, baby) | 2 | 23–26 | 6–6.5 |
| Light (DK, light worsted) | 3 | 21–24 | 5–6 |
| Medium (worsted, aran) | 4 | 16–20 | 4–5 |
| Bulky (chunky) | 5 | 12–15 | 3–4 |
| Super bulky | 6 | 7–11 | 2–3 |
| Jumbo | 7 | 6 or fewer | ≤1.5 |
Your pattern's gauge line is what actually matters — these are the ranges patterns are usually written in. Worsted (weight 4) at about 4.5–5 stitches per inch is the most common starting point. Crochet gauge runs looser per stitch than knitting at the same weight, so expect a few fewer stitches per inch with a hook.
Swatch first
A swatch is a small test piece, usually 5–6 inches square, worked in the pattern's main stitch with the yarn and needle or hook you plan to use. Wash and block it the same way you'll block the finished object, then measure in the centre (edges pull in).
Too tight vs too loose
- Getting more stitches per inch than the pattern: your gauge is tighter. Go up a needle or hook size.
- Getting fewer stitches per inch: your gauge is looser. Go down a needle or hook size.
- Row gauge is off, stitch gauge is right: usually fine — most patterns care more about stitch gauge.
When gauge really matters
Sweaters, socks, hats, and anything that needs to fit a body. You can usually skip the swatch for scarves, washcloths, and blankets where a little size variance doesn't matter. Amigurumi and stuffed animals need tight gauge to hide stuffing — size matters less than consistency.
Ready to try it? Pick a free pattern in the pattern library.
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Try it on a pattern
Free patterns from the SkeinSmart library that use this technique — each comes with a row-by-row tracker.
Browse all free patterns →